Tsawon wane lokaci ake ɗauka kafin sabuwar motar lantarki mai amfani da makamashi ta sami cikakken caji?
Akwai wata dabara mai sauƙi don lokacin caji na sabbin motocin lantarki masu amfani da makamashi:
Lokacin Caji = Ƙarfin Baturi / Ƙarfin Caji
Bisa ga wannan dabara, za mu iya ƙididdige tsawon lokacin da zai ɗauka kafin a yi cikakken caji.
Baya ga ƙarfin baturi da ƙarfin caji, waɗanda ke da alaƙa kai tsaye da lokacin caji, daidaitaccen caji da yanayin zafi na yanayi suma abubuwa ne da suka zama ruwan dare waɗanda ke shafar lokacin caji.
1. Ƙarfin batirin
Ƙarfin batirin yana ɗaya daga cikin muhimman alamu don auna aikin sabbin motocin lantarki masu amfani da wutar lantarki. A taƙaice dai, girman ƙarfin batirin, girman ƙarfin motar lantarki mai tsabta, da kuma tsawon lokacin caji da ake buƙata; ƙaramin ƙarfin batirin, ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki mai tsabta na motar, da kuma gajeriyar lokacin caji da ake buƙata. Ƙarfin batirin sabbin motocin lantarki masu tsabta yawanci yana tsakanin 30kWh zuwa 100kWh.
misali:
① Ƙarfin batirin Chery eQ1 shine 35kWh, kuma tsawon rayuwar batirin shine kilomita 301;
② Ƙarfin batirin sigar rayuwar batirin Tesla Model X shine 100kWh, kuma kewayon tafiya shima yana kaiwa kilomita 575.
Ƙarfin batirin sabuwar motar haɗakar makamashi mai haɗawa da aka haɗa ba shi da yawa, yawanci tsakanin 10kWh da 20kWh, don haka iyakar ƙarfinsa na lantarki ma ƙasa ne, yawanci kilomita 50 zuwa kilomita 100.
Ga irin wannan samfurin, idan nauyin abin hawa da ƙarfin motar suka yi daidai, girman ƙarfin batirin, girman kewayon tafiyar jirgin sama.
Sigar BAIC New Energy EU5 R500 tana da tsawon batirin kilomita 416 da kuma ƙarfin batirin 51kWh. Sigar R600 tana da tsawon batirin kilomita 501 da kuma ƙarfin baturin 60.2kWh.
2. Ƙarfin caji
Ƙarfin caji wani muhimmin ma'auni ne da ke ƙayyade lokacin caji. Ga wannan motar, girman ƙarfin caji, haka nan gajeren lokacin caji da ake buƙata. Ainihin ƙarfin caji na sabuwar motar lantarki mai amfani da makamashi yana da abubuwa biyu masu tasiri: matsakaicin ƙarfin tarin caji da matsakaicin ƙarfin caji na AC na motar lantarki, kuma ainihin ƙarfin caji yana ɗaukar ƙaramin ƙimar waɗannan dabi'u biyu.
A. Matsakaicin ƙarfin tarin caji
Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na AC EV da aka saba amfani da su shine 3.5kW da 7kW, matsakaicin wutar lantarki na 3.5kW EV Charger shine 16A, kuma matsakaicin wutar lantarki na 7kW EV Charger shine 32A.
B. Matsakaicin ƙarfin caji na AC na motar lantarki
Matsakaicin iyaka na wutar lantarki na caji na AC na sabbin motocin lantarki masu amfani da makamashi yana bayyana ne ta fannoni uku.
① Tashar caji ta AC
Ana samun takamaiman bayanai game da tashar caji ta AC akan lakabin tashar EV. Ga motocin lantarki masu tsabta, wani ɓangare na hanyar caji shine 32A, don haka ƙarfin caji zai iya kaiwa 7kW. Akwai kuma wasu tashoshin caji na motocin lantarki masu tsabta waɗanda ke da 16A, kamar Dongfeng Junfeng ER30, waɗanda matsakaicin wutar caji shine 16A kuma wutar lantarki shine 3.5kW.
Saboda ƙaramin ƙarfin batirin, motar haɗin da aka haɗa tana da hanyar caji ta AC 16A, kuma matsakaicin ƙarfin caji shine kusan 3.5kW. Ƙananan samfura, kamar BYD Tang DM100, suna da hanyar caji ta AC 32A, kuma matsakaicin ƙarfin caji zai iya kaiwa 7kW (kimanin 5.5kW da aka auna ta hanyar masu hawa).
② Iyakance wutar lantarki na caja a cikin jirgin
Lokacin amfani da AC EV Charger don cajin sabbin motocin lantarki masu amfani da wutar lantarki, manyan ayyukan AC EV Charger sune samar da wutar lantarki da kariya. Bangaren da ke canza wutar lantarki kuma yana canza wutar lantarki zuwa wutar lantarki kai tsaye don caji batirin shine caja a kan jirgin. Iyakance wutar lantarki na caja a kan jirgin zai shafi lokacin caji kai tsaye.
Misali, BYD Song DM tana amfani da hanyar caji ta AC 16A, amma matsakaicin wutar lantarki na iya kaiwa 13A kawai, kuma wutar tana da iyaka zuwa kusan 2.8kW ~ 2.9kW. Babban dalili shine cewa caja da ke cikin jirgin yana iyakance matsakaicin wutar lantarki zuwa 13A, don haka duk da cewa ana amfani da tarin caji na 16A don caji, ainihin wutar lantarki tana da 13A kuma wutar tana da kusan 2.9kW.
Bugu da ƙari, saboda aminci da wasu dalilai, wasu motoci na iya saita iyakar wutar lantarki ta hanyar sarrafawa ta tsakiya ko APP ta wayar hannu. Kamar Tesla, ana iya saita iyakar wutar lantarki ta hanyar sarrafawa ta tsakiya. Lokacin da tarin wutar lantarki zai iya samar da matsakaicin wutar lantarki na 32A, amma wutar lantarki an saita ta a 16A, to za a caji ta a 16A. Ainihin, saitin wutar lantarki kuma yana saita iyakar wutar lantarki na caja a cikin jirgin.
A taƙaice: ƙarfin batirin sigar model3 ta yau da kullun yana da kusan KWh 50. Tunda caja da ke cikin jirgin yana tallafawa matsakaicin wutar caji ta 32A, babban abin da ke shafar lokacin caji shine tarin caji na AC.
3. Kudin Daidaito
Cajin da ya dace yana nufin ci gaba da caji na tsawon lokaci bayan an gama caji na gaba ɗaya, kuma tsarin sarrafa fakitin batirin mai ƙarfin lantarki zai daidaita kowace ƙwayar batirin lithium. Cajin da ya dace zai iya sa ƙarfin kowace ƙwayar batirin ya zama iri ɗaya, ta haka ne zai tabbatar da aikin fakitin batirin mai ƙarfin lantarki gaba ɗaya. Matsakaicin lokacin caji na abin hawa na iya zama kimanin awanni 2.
4. Yanayin zafi
Batirin wutar lantarki na sabuwar motar lantarki mai amfani da wutar lantarki shine batirin lithium na ternary ko batirin lithium iron phosphate. Idan zafin ya yi ƙasa, saurin motsi na ions na lithium a cikin batirin yana raguwa, amsawar sinadarai yana raguwa, kuma ƙarfin batirin ba shi da kyau, wanda zai haifar da tsawaita lokacin caji. Wasu motocin za su dumama batirin zuwa wani zafin jiki kafin su yi caji, wanda hakan kuma zai tsawaita lokacin caji na batirin.
Za a iya gani daga sama cewa lokacin caji da aka samu daga ƙarfin baturi/ƙarfin caji daidai yake da ainihin lokacin caji, inda ƙarfin caji ya fi ƙanƙanta fiye da ƙarfin tarin caji na AC da ƙarfin caji na cikin jirgi. Idan aka yi la'akari da yanayin caji da yanayin zafi na yanayi, bambancin yana cikin awanni 2.
Lokacin Saƙo: Mayu-30-2023